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The primary function of the IoT gateway in an IoT infrastructure is communication bridging. IoT gateways act as intermediaries that facilitate the communication between IoT devices and the broader network, which often includes cloud services. They aggregate data from numerous devices, ensuring that data flows smoothly to and from sensors, actuators, and applications.

Gateways manage various communication protocols and enable devices that may use different technologies to communicate effectively. This bridging function is crucial because it helps maintain interoperability across heterogeneous networks, ensuring that all components of the IoT ecosystem can operate together seamlessly.

While data storage, real-time alerting, and data analysis are important aspects of an IoT system, they do not define the primary role of the gateway. Data storage typically occurs in dedicated databases or cloud services, real-time alerting can be handled by applications or software components, and data analysis is usually performed on aggregated data, often in the cloud or through dedicated analytics services. The main focus of the IoT gateway is to handle communication, making it an essential element in the successful deployment of IoT solutions.